• Students demonstrate correct quotation marks mechanics to indicate dialogue.

• Within mentor texts, students locate quotation marks indicating dialogue. 

• Students correctly indicate dialogue in their own written work.

• Students demonstrate correct quotation marks mechanics to indicate quoted material.

• Within mentor texts, students locate quotation marks indicating quoted material.

• Students add quotation marks to written works when quoting sources.

• Students demonstrate correct quotation marks mechanics to indicate titles of works.

• Within mentor texts, students locate quotation marks indicating titles of works.

• Students add quotation marks to indicate titles within their own written work.

• Students unscramble sentences containing dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works, provided necessary quotation marks.

• Students create a presentation detailing correct quotation mark usage. 

• Students revise their own written work as needed to include quotation marks as appropriate.

• Students routinely apply quotation marks to indicate dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works for a variety of writing assignments.

• Teachers present mentor texts containing dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works, so students may identify ways quotation marks are placed within sentences.

• Teachers demonstrate, by color-coding within mentor sentences, where to position quotation marks to indicate dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works.

• Teachers offer practice mentor sentences containing dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works, so students may identify correct quotation mark usage.

• Teachers create scrambled sentences containing dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works, prompting students to unscramble them and provide quotation marks as needed.

• Teachers provide visual supports, such as posters or digital links, defining and demonstrating various types of sentences requiring quotation marks.

• Teachers present quotation mark usage guidelines in multimodal formats, such as teaching videos, storyboarding, or gamification. 

• Teachers incorporate routine opportunities for students to practice writing different types of sentences requiring quotation marks.

When students require further review over quotation marks mechanics, teachers can...

• help students to visualize the importance of quotation marks by offering mentor texts containing dialogue with quotation marks removed, then prompting students to add quotation marks where needed.

• prompt students to use different colored highlighters to indicate dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works, reinforcing students’ recognition of correct quotation marks usage. 

• provide a checklist with examples of correct quotation mark usage to indicate dialogue, quoted material, and titles of works, inviting students to locate examples of quotation marks, or add sentences containing quotation marks, in their own written work.

When students continue to struggle with correct quotation marks usage, teachers can...

• prompt students to record themselves in brief dialogues with a classmate, then instruct them to transcribe the conversation with correctly placed quotation marks.

• prompt students to create a cartoon strip, Bitmoji, anime, or other character-driven examples of text requiring quotation marks.

• suggest students create a matching quiz in which quotation marks usage must be correctly linked to dialogue, quoted material, or titles of works.

When students do not consistently use quotation marks correctly, teachers can...

• direct students to work with a small group or classmate to create foldables or similar writing notebook aids which feature correct quotation marks examples.

• reinforce the importance of quotation marks mechanics by prompting students to identify their use in printed, digital, or other multi-modal work.

• schedule writing conferences with students to offer focused review.

• Mentor Texts: final drafts of writing by authors, teachers, and current or former students that can be studied to discover craft moves and other writing traits.

• Quote: to copy the exact words from a source, set off in quotation marks.

• Sentence Stems: a word or phrase that begins a sentence and helps writers or speakers organize their thoughts. 

• 4.2.W.3:  Edit drafts 

• 4.3.W.1:  Narrative Writing

• 4.3.W.2:  Informative Writing

• 4.3.W.3:  Opinion Writing

• 4.6.W.3:  Write informative texts independently