Standard 5: Language

Students will apply knowledge of grammar and rhetorical style to reading and writing.

For additional guidance, there is a Grammar Companion Guide on page 8 of the Support Documents.

Student Actions 

Teacher Actions 

• Students will use appropriate punctuation to expand sentences and questions.  

• Teachers model use of contractions with the words have, will, and are in writing.

• Teachers provide opportunities for students to use contractions with the words have, will, and are in writing.

• Teachers monitor and provide opportunities for students to receive feedback when using complex contractions.   

Supporting Resources 

Teacher Insights 

Khan Academy/quotation marks

Capella University: Grammar Handbook pg 40-65

Khan Academy/commas and apostrophes

Schoolhouse Rock - Mr. Morton

Punctuating Compound and Complex Sentences

• The four Types of Sentences are simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex.

• There are Basic Punctuation Rules for commas, apostrophes, and quotation marks.

• Dialogue is conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play, or movie.

• Rules for Quotations:

• Use quotation marks at the beginning and end of the speaker’s words to separate what the speaker said from the rest of the sentence. The quotation is spoken and should always have quotation marks around it.

• Do not use quotation marks around the attribution words.

• Use a new paragraph to indicate new speakers.

• Use a period at the end of the attribution words that come at the end of the sentence.

• “Come to the kitchen,” said Mom.

• Use a comma to separate the quotation from the attribution words.

• Ex:  Mom said, “Come to the kitchen.”

Due to recursive nature of the standards, it is essential that teachers are aware of how all objectives within and between strands work together for optimal instruction.